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Japan is considering whether to formally describe China as a security threat in the planned revision of its key defense documents set for completion by the end of the year.
The possible shift in language comes as Tokyo reviews its National Security Strategy, National Defense Strategy, and Defense Buildup Program, which were last updated in December 2022.
Discussions within the government have reflected differing views, with some officials pushing for stronger wording while others have urged caution due to diplomatic considerations.
Tensions between Japan and China have increased in recent months, particularly following remarks made by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi regarding a potential conflict involving Taiwan.
Analysts said adopting harsher terminology could further strain already fragile relations between the two countries.
Others in the ruling coalition have maintained that a more measured approach would help preserve channels for dialogue.
In earlier policy discussions ahead of the 2022 revision, members of the Liberal Democratic Party had proposed describing China’s military activities as a serious security concern.
The outcome of the current review is expected to shape Japan’s defense posture and messaging as regional security challenges continue to evolve.